united nations framework convention for climate change
The United Nations Frameworck Convetion for Climate Change (UNFCCC) has been adopted in May 9th of 1992 in New York, and was approved in the Earth Climb in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil alte in 1992 by more than 150 countries. The UNFCCC is the international organism settled by the UN to regulate and administrate the activities of climate change, and become funtional in March 21st, 1994.
The objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilizate the concentration of the anthorpogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) in the athmosphere to levels that can't make dangerous interferences in the climate system..
In the UNFCCC third conference in 1997, in Kyoto, Japan, has been adopted the international legal instrument called the Kyoto Protocol. It been established three mechanism or schemes for the GHG emissions mitigation; two for the Annex 1 parties (developed countries) and one for the Non Annex 1 parties (developing countries), like Mexico..
For the developing countries, the scheme is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which has approved methodologies by the Executive Board (EJ) of the UNFCCC, who also has to approve the governmental entities from each country, the validation and verification entities and the emission of the carbon credits called Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs).
For the developed countries of the Annex 1, the schems are the Emissions Trading (ET) and the Joint Implementation (JI). The last one works in similar ways compared to the CDM, but with different processes.
